After days of waiting and deliberation, Prime Minister Binyamin Netanyahu on Thursday night directed the IDF to send ground troops into Gaza to strike the terror tunnels into Israel.
All posts by Ken Cole
Clashes in Paris as thousands march against Israel offensive
“I am profoundly shocked and revolted. This aggression towards the Jewish community has taken an absolutely unacceptable turn,” Joel Mergei, president of the Israelite Central Consistory of France, told AFP.
Paris Mayor Anne Hidalgo called for “calm in the face of tensions” in the Middle East.
“They are bombing innocent people. There are missiles being launched by Hamas, but the Israeli response is disproportionate. They are attacking the civilian population and not Hamas officials.”
The crowd, very young, shouted slogans such as: “We Are All Palestinians!” and “Only One Solution, End the Occupation!”.
Did Bill Gates fund an ‘educational coup’?
Jeffrey MacMillan for The Washington Post
My Post colleague Lyndsey Layton has written an illuminating story about the role Bill Gates and his money played in the Common Core State Standards initiative and its adoption by 45 states and the District of Columbia. In great detail, she explains how on one summer day in 2008, two men — Gene Wilhoit, then-director of the Council for Chief State School Officers, and David Coleman, at the time an educational consultant and an “emerging evangelist for the standards movement” — persuaded Gates to fund the creation and marketing of what became the Common Core.
The article makes a few things clear if they weren’t before:
*The Core wasn’t Gates’s idea, but his willingness to underwrite the effort — to the tune of hundreds of millions of dollars — made it happen. Perhaps another billionaire might have done the same thing had Gates declined, but it wasn’t necessary for Wilhoit and Coleman to look for other funding.
HILLARY FOR PRESIDENT !
THE CLINTON’S, HILLARY & BILL 6-16-14
This is one for those hard core liberals to review and ask questions before
voting party lines.
With Hillary making a run for President in 2016, the legacy the Clinton’s
have left is important for everyone to keep in mind. Heaven help anyone who
runs against her.
We all remember the many Clinton scandals. But when anyone mentions a
particular one, we realize that they are far too numerous to recount.
Thanks to Dr. Grady, we can recall some of the major ones.
On Tuesday, 7/2/13, Dr. John Grady wrote:
THE MANY CLINTON BODY BAGS . . .
Someone recently sent me this list. I had forgotten how long it is.
Therefore, this is a quick refresher course, lest we forget what has
happened to many “friends” and associates of Bill and Hillary Clinton.
1- James McDougal – Convicted Whitewater partner of the Clintons who died
of an apparent heart attack, while in solitary confinement. He was a key
witness in Ken Starr’s investigation.
2 – Mary Mahoney – A former White House intern was murdered July 1997 at a
Starbucks Coffee Shop in Georgetown (Washington, D.
C.). The murder happened just after she was to go public with her story of
sexual harassment by Clinton in the White House.
3 – Vince Foster – Former White House Councilor, and colleague of Hillary
Clinton at Little Rock’s Rose Law Firm. Died of a gunshot wound to the
head, ruled a suicide. (He was about to testify against Hillary related to
the records she refused to turn over to congress.) Was reported to have
been having an affair with Hillary.
4 – Ron Brown – Secretary of Commerce and former DNC Chairman. Reported to
have died by impact in a plane crash. A pathologist close to the
investigation reported that there was a hole in the top of Brown’s skull
resembling a gunshot wound. At the time of his death Brown was being
investigated, and spoke publicly of his willingness to cut a deal with
prosecutors. The rest of the people on the plane also died. A few days
later the Air Traffic controller committed suicide.
5 – C. Victor Raiser, II – Raiser, a major player in the Clinton fund
raising organization died in a private plane crash in July 1992.
6 – Paul Tulley – Democratic National Committee Political Director found
dead in a hotel room in Little Rock on September 1992. Described by Clinton
as a “dear friend a trusted advisor”.
7 – Ed Willey – Clinton fundraiser, found dead November 1993 deep in the
woods in VA of a gunshot wound to the head. Ruled a suicide. His wife
Kathleen Willey claimed Bill Clinton groped her in the oval office in the
White House. Ed Willey was involved in several Clinton fund raising events.
8 – Jerry Parks – Head of Clinton’s gubernatorial security team in Little
Rock. Gunned down in his car at a deserted intersection outside
Little Rock. Park’s son said his father was building a dossier on Clinton.
He allegedly threatened to reveal this information. After he died the files
were mysteriously removed from his house.
9 – James Bunch – Died from a gunshot suicide. It was reported that he had
a “Black Book” of people which contained names of influential people who
visited Prostitutes in Texas and Arkansas.
10 – James Wilson – Was found dead in May 1993 from an apparent hanging
suicide. He was reported to have ties to the Clintons’ Whitewater deals.
11 – Kathy Ferguson – Ex-wife of Arkansas Trooper Danny Ferguson, was found
dead in May 1994, in her living room with a gunshot to her head. It was
ruled a suicide even though there were several packed suitcases, as if she
were going somewhere. Danny Ferguson was a co-defendant along with Bill
Clinton in the Paula Jones Lawsuit, and Kathy Ferguson was a possible
corroborating witness for Paula Jones.
12 – Bill Shelton – Arkansas State Trooper and fiancée of Kathy Ferguson.
Critical of the suicide ruling of his fiancée, he was found dead in June,
1994 of a gunshot wound also ruled a suicide at the grave site of his
fiancée.
13 – Gandy Baugh – Attorney for Clinton’s friend Dan Lassater, died by
jumping out a window of a tall building January, 1994. His client, Dan
Lassater, was a convicted drug distributor.
14 – Florence Martin – Accountant & sub-contractor for the CIA, was related
to the Barry Seal, Mena, Arkansas Airport drug smuggling case. He died of
three gunshot wounds.
15 – Suzanne Coleman – Reportedly had an affair with Clinton when he was
Arkansas Attorney General. Died Of a gunshot wound to the back of the head,
ruled a suicide (?). Was pregnant at the time of her death.
16 – Paula Grober – Clinton’s speech interpreter for the deaf from 1978
until her death December 9, 1992. She died in a one car accident.
17 – Danny Casolaro – Investigative reporter who was investigating the Mean
Airport and Arkansas Development Finance Authority. He slit his wrists,
apparently, in the middle of his investigation.
18 – Paul Wilcher – Attorney investigating corruption at Mean Airport with
Casolaro and the 1980 “October Surprise” was found dead on a toilet June 22,
1993, in his Washington DC apartment. Had delivered a report to Janet Reno
3 weeks before his death. (May have died of poison)
19 – Jon Parnell Walker – Whitewater investigator for Resolution Trust Corp.
Jumped to his death from his Arlington, Virginia apartment balcony August
15,1993. He was investigating the Morgan Guaranty scandal.
20 – Barbara Wise – Commerce Department staffer. Worked closely with Ron
Brown and John Huang. Cause of death unknown. Died November 29, 1996. Her
bruised, nude body was found locked in her office at the Department of
Commerce.
21 – Charles Meissner – Assistant Secretary of Commerce who gave John Huang
special security clearance, died shortly thereafter in a small plane crash.
22 – Dr. Stanley Heard – Chairman of the National Chiropractic Health Care
Advisory Committee died with his attorney Steve Dickson in a small plane
crash. Dr. Heard, in addition to serving on Clinton’s advisory council
personally treated Clinton’s mother, stepfather and Brother.
23 – Barry Seal – Drug running TWA pilot out of Mean Arkansas, death was no
accident.
24 – Johnny Lawhorn, Jr. – Mechanic, found a check made out to Bill Clinton
in the trunk of a car left at his repair shop. He was found dead after his
car had hit a utility pole.
25 – Stanley Huggins – Investigated Madison Guaranty. His death was a
purported suicide and his report was never released.
26 – Hershel Friday – Attorney and Clinton fundraiser died March 1, 1994,
when his plane exploded.
27 – Kevin Ives & Don Henry – Known as “The boys on the track” case.
Reports say the two boys may have stumbled upon the Mena Arkansas airport
drug operation. The initial report of death said their deaths were due to
falling asleep on railroad tracks and being run over. Later autopsy reports
stated that the 2 boys had been slain before being placed on the tracks.
Many linked to the case died before their testimony could come before a
Grand Jury.
THE FOLLOWING PERSONS HAD INFORMATION ON THE IVES/HENRY CASE:
28 – Keith Coney – Died when his motorcycle slammed into the back of a
truck, 7/88.
29 – Keith McMaskle – Died, stabbed 113 times, Nov 1988 (Suicide?).
30 – Gregory Collins – Died from a gunshot wound January 1989.
31 – Jeff Rhodes – He was shot, mutilated and found burned in a trash dump
in April 1989. (Coroner ruled death due to suicide) (Oh
yeah!)
32 – James Milan – Found decapitated. However, the Coroner ruled his death
was due to natural causes ?????
33 – Jordan Kettleson – Was found shot to death in the front seat of his
pickup truck in June 1990.
34 – Richard Winters – A suspect in the Ives/Henry deaths. He was killed in
a set-up robbery July 1989.
THE FOLLOWING CLINTON PERSONAL BODYGUARDS ALL DIED OF MYSTERIOUS CAUSES OR
SUICIDE:
36 – Major William S. Barkley, Jr.
37 – Capt. Scott J . Reynolds
38 – Sgt. Brian Hanley
39 – Sgt. Tim Sabel
40 – Major Gen. William Robertson
41 – Col. William Densberger
42 – Col. Robert Kelly
43 – Spec. Gary Rhodes
44 – Steve Willis
45 – Robert Williams
46 – Conway LeBleu
47 – Todd McKeehan
And this list does not include the four dead Americans in Benghazi that
Hillary abandoned!
– Chris Stevens
– Glen Doherty
– Tyrone Woods
– Sean Smith
HILLARY FOR PRESIDENT? SURELY YOU JEST!! Just how many coincidences (and
suicides) can happen in two people’s lives??????? :(:(
SOME LATE NIGHT SOMEWHAT RATIONAL THOUGHT
I’ve been rather accepting of illegal immigrants over the course of my life.
There are seven key issues that I think this country should focus on, and I’ve just never gotten that worked up about illegal immigration.
The simple fact is that everyone here in the US is either an immigrant or descended from immigrants. Like me.
What you want are educated young people who are motivated to create and work, not children as young as four or five years old who are going to need housing, education, adult supervision, healthcare, and most of all a loving environment where they can grow up.
It is one thing for undocumented workers to come across the border looking for jobs or for families to come across together.
It is a completely different matter when tens of thousands of preteen children come across the border without parents or supervision.
They didn’t get across 1500 miles of desert without significant support and a great deal of planning.
This couldn’t happen without the awareness of authorities in Mexico and the Central American countries from which all these children came, and if this is truly a surprise to Homeland Security, then there is a significant failure everywhere in the system.
And if it was not a surprise?
That begs a whole different series of ridiculous questions.
But something, as the phrase goes, is obviously rotten in Denmark.
IRS CAN TARGET CONSERVATIVES- JUST CLAIM LOST EMAILS DUE TO COMPUTER CRASH- LOIS LEARNER AND OTHERS GET A FREE RIDE ! WHO SAID CORRUPTION ISN’T ALIVE AND WELL?
POINTS IN THIS STORY:
1) all computers and email data have multiple archive back up hard drives and tapes, this is the IRS after all.
2) a simple search pulls up all emails
3) they first bilked the tax payers for another $10 million before coming up with this story.
4) so if you can simply search and submit emails, then why all the time, employees and money? Oh, people needed to read the emails before submitting them to congress to see if they were incriminating to the current administration, Lois Lerner or others. In other words, they got paid to make it go away, and after the tremendous amount of evidence, they decided the best course was to destroy the evidence. And the back ups? Why is no one asking for the computer back ups? How about the FBI takes their swat team in and confiscate all their computers, just like they would to you?
5) are we all living in the Republic of Chicago now? are you fed up yet?
WASHINGTON (AP) — The Internal Revenue Service said Friday it has lost a trove of emails to and from a central figure in the agency’s tea party controversy, sparking outrage from congressional investigators who have been probing the agency for more than a year.
The IRS told Congress Friday it cannot locate many of Lois Lerner’s emails prior to 2011 because her computer crashed during the summer of that year.
Lerner headed the IRS division that processed applications for tax-exempt status. The IRS acknowledged last year that agents had improperly scrutinized applications for tax-exempt status by tea party and other conservative groups.
“The fact that I am just learning about this, over a year into the investigation, is completely unacceptable and now calls into question the credibility of the IRS’ response to congressional inquiries,” said Rep. Dave Camp, R-Mich., chairman of the House Ways and Means Committee. “There needs to be an immediate investigation and forensic audit by Department of Justice as well as the inspector general.”
The Ways and Means Committee is one of three congressional committees investigating the IRS over its handling of tea party applications from 2010 to 2012. The Justice Department and the IRS inspector general are also investigating.
Congressional investigators have shown that IRS officials in Washington were closely involved in the handling of tea party applications, many of which languished for more than a year without action. But so far, they have not publicly produced evidence that anyone outside the agency directed the targeting or even knew about it.
If anyone outside the agency was involved, investigators were hoping for clues in Lerner’s emails.
The IRS said technicians went to great lengths trying to recover data from Lerner’s computer in 2011. In emails provided by the IRS, technicians said they sent the computer to a forensic lab run by the agency’s criminal investigations unit. But to no avail.
The IRS was able to generate 24,000 Lerner emails from the 2009 to 2011 because Lerner had copied in other IRS employees. The agency said it pieced together the emails from the computers of 82 other IRS employees.
But an untold number are gone. Camp’s office said the missing emails are mainly ones to and from people outside the IRS, “such as the White House, Treasury, Department of Justice, FEC, or Democrat offices.”
The IRS said in a statement that more than 250 IRS employees have been working to assist congressional investigations, spending nearly $10 million to produce more than 750,000 documents.
Overall, the IRS said it is producing a total of 67,000 emails to and from Lerner, covering the period from 2009 to 2013.
“The IRS is committed to working with Congress,” the IRS said in a statement. “The IRS has remained focused on being thorough and responding as quickly as possible to the wide-ranging requests from Congress while taking steps to protect underlying taxpayer information.”
Sen. Orrin Hatch of Utah, the top Republican on the Senate Finance Committee, called Friday’s disclosure “an outrageous impediment” to the committee’s investigation.
“Even more egregious is the fact we are learning about this a full year after our initial request to provide the committee with any and all documents relating to our investigation,” Hatch said.
Lerner has emerged as a key figure in the tea party probe. In May 2013, she was the first IRS official to publicly acknowledge that agents had improperly scrutinized applications.
About two weeks later, Lerner was subpoenaed to testify at a congressional hearing. But after making a brief statement in which she said she had done nothing wrong, Lerner refused to answer questions, invoking her constitutional right against self-incrimination.
The IRS placed Lerner on administrative leave shortly after the congressional hearing. She retired last fall.
In May, the House voted to hold Lerner in contempt of Congress. Her case has been turned over to the U.S. attorney for the district of Columbia.
Muslim CIA Chief Brennan Rufuses to Take Oath Of Office With Bible
When Obama security adviser John Brennan was sworn into office as chief of the Central Intelligence Agency, he put his hand not on a Bible, but on a copy of the Constitution – before it included the Bill of Rights.
The White House said of the controversial appointee, whose position in office was filibustered by Kentucky Sen. Rand Paul this week for nearly 13 hours, “Brennan was sworn in with his hand on an original draft of the Constitution, dating from 1787, which has George Washington’s personal handwriting and annotations on it.”
A report in the Weekly Standard said Vice President Joe Biden performed the ceremony in the White House Roosevelt Room.
The report also included an update from the emptywheel.net blog, which noted the absence of the Bill of Rights.
“When Brennan vowed to protect and defend the Constitution, he was swearing on one that did not include the First, Fourth, Fifth, or Sixth Amendments – or any of the other amendments now included in our Constitution,” the report said. “The Bill of Rights did not become part of our Constitution until 1791, four years after the Constitution that Brennan took his oath on.”
Wrote the blogger, “These vows always carry a great deal of symbolism. And whether he meant to invoke this symbolism or not, the moment at which Brennan took over the CIA happened to exclude (in symbolic form, though presumably not legally) the key limits on governmental power that protect American citizens.”
Olivier Knox, at Yahoo.com, pointed out that symbolism was part of the event.
“Hours after CIA Director John Brennan took the oath of office – behind closed doors, far away from the press, perhaps befitting his status as America’s top spy – the White House took pains to emphasize the symbolism,” he wrote.
“‘There’s one piece of this that I wanted to note for you,’ spokesman Josh Earnest told reporters at their daily briefing. ‘Director Brennan was sworn in with his hand on an original draft of the Constitution that had George Washington’s personal handwriting and annotations on it, dating from 1787.’”
The report said Earnest confirmed Brennan had asked for a document from the National Archives “because he wanted to reaffirm his commitment to the rule of law as he took the oath of office.”
Knox also wrote about the absence of the Bill of Rights in the document.
“That means: No freedom of speech and of the press, no right to bear arms, no Fourth Amendment ban on ‘unreasonable searches and seizures,’ and no right to a jury trial,” the report said.
Paul had been filibustering Brennan’s nomination because the Obama administration had made statements that the president might have the authority to order lethal drone strikes on Americans on U.S. soil. Brennan worked with Obama’s overseas drone program, which has killed hundreds, while security adviser.
Attorney General Eric Holder told Paul in response to a question from the senator that the U.S. never has carried out a drone strike against a U.S. citizen on American soil and it would be “unlikely.”
However, Holder also said he could not rule it out entirely.
“It is possible, I suppose, to imagine an extraordinary circumstance in which it would be necessary and appropriate under the Constitution and applicable laws of the United States for the president to authorize the military to use lethal force within the territory of the United States,” Holder’s letter said.
He confirmed Obama “has the power to authorize lethal force, such as a drone strike, against a U.S. citizen on U.S. soil, and without trial.”
In the later letter to Paul, after the filibuster, Holder said, “It has come to my attention that you have now asked an additional question: ‘Does the president have the authority to use a weaponized drone to kill an American not engaged in combat on American soil?’ The answer to that question is no.”
Another angle on why Brennan might not have wanted to swear his oath on the Bible relates to a shocking report by one of the FBI’s former top experts on Islam, w…
As WND reported, former FBI Islam expert John Guandolo has long warned that the federal government is being infiltrated by members of the radical Muslim Brotherhood. But Guandolo now warns that by appointing Brennan to CIA director, Obama has not only chosen a man “naïve” to these infiltrations, but also picked a candidate who is himself a Muslim.
“Mr. Brennan did convert to Islam when he served in an official capacity on the behalf of the United States in Saudi Arabia,” Guandolo told interviewer and radio host Tom Trento.
“That fact alone is not what is most disturbing,” Guandolo continued. “His conversion to Islam was the culmination of a counterintelligence operation against him to recruit him. The fact that foreign intelligence service operatives recruited Mr. Brennan when he was in a very sensitive and senior U.S. government position in a foreign country means that he either [is] a traitor … [or] he has the inability to discern and understand how to walk in those kinds of environments, which makes him completely unfit to the be the director of Central Intelligence.”
YOU JUST CAN’T MAKE THIS STUFF UP !! MUCH MUCH MORE YOU MUST READ !!
Nobel Committee Asks Obama “Nicely” To Return Peace Prize
Thorbjorn Jagland, chairman of the Nobel Peace Prize Committee, said today that President Obama “really ought to consider” returning his Nobel Peace Prize Medal immediately, including the “really nice” case it came in.
Jagland, flanked by the other four members of the Committee, said they’d never before asked for the return of a Peace Prize, “even from a damnable war-criminal like Kissinger,” but that the 10% drawdown in US troops in Afghanistan the President announced last week capped a period of “non-Peace-Prize-winner-type behavior” in 2011. “Guantanamo’s still open. There’s bombing Libya. There’s blowing bin Laden away rather than putting him on trial. Now a few US troops go home, but the US will be occupying Afghanistan until 2014 and beyond. Don’t even get me started on Yemen!”
The Committee awarded Obama the coveted prize in 2009 after he made a series of speeches in the first months of his presidency, which convinced the Peace Prize Committee that he was: “creating a new climate of…multilateral diplomacy…an emphasis on the role of the United Nations…of dialogue and negotiations as instruments for resolving international conflicts…and a vision of world free of nuclear arms.”
“Boy oh boy!” added Jagland. “Did we regret that press release!”
SEX AND DRUGS WORTH $16.7B TO UK ECONOMY
Europe’s struggle to recover from the recent financial crisis has been well documented, but some of its countries could be about to get a much-needed boost – from sex, drugs and other illegal activities.
Efforts by the European Union (EU) to harmonize how countries measure their economic output will see parts of the shadow economy – or black market – included in gross domestic product (GDP) calculations. This overhaul of the region’s national accounts, which comes into force in September 2014, will see prostitution and the sale of illegal drugs included in the GDP of all European member states.
The controversial move looks set to boost the economies of some EU member states – on paper at least.
On Thursday, the U.K.’s Office for National Statistics said the inclusion of certain illegal activities – such as prostitution, and the importation, manufacturing and consumption of drugs – would add around £10 billion ($16.75 billion), or around 0.7 percent, to annual economic output.
Five of the Most Dangerous Taliban Commanders in U.S. Custody Exchanged for American Captive
The Obama administration announced today that Sgt. Bowe Bergdahl, who has been held by the Taliban for several years, has been freed from his captors. Reading the stories of his newfound freedom it is impossible not to feel joy for Bergdahl and his family. NBC News reports that Bergdahl held up a sign once he was on board an American helicopter that read, “SF?” The operators quickly confirmed that they were in fact U.S. Special Forces: “Yes, we’ve been looking for you for a long time.”
Gitmo
“On behalf of the American people, I was honored to call his parents to express our joy that they can expect his safe return, mindful of their courage and sacrifice throughout this ordeal,” President Obama said in a statement. The president rightly noted: “Sergeant Bergdahl’s recovery is a reminder of America’s unwavering commitment to leave no man or woman in uniform behind on the battlefield.”
Unfortunately, America is not the only party in this war that is committed to leaving no man behind. So are the Taliban and other al Qaeda-linked groups. But the president did not say who America exchanged for Bergdahl: five of the most dangerous Taliban commanders in U.S. custody.
The Obama administration announced today that Sgt. Bowe Bergdahl, who has been held by the Taliban for several years, has been freed from his captors. Reading the stories of his newfound freedom it is impossible not to feel joy for Bergdahl and his family. NBC News reports that Bergdahl held up a sign once he was on board an American helicopter that read, “SF?” The operators quickly confirmed that they were in fact U.S. Special Forces: “Yes, we’ve been looking for you for a long time.”
Gitmo
“On behalf of the American people, I was honored to call his parents to express our joy that they can expect his safe return, mindful of their courage and sacrifice throughout this ordeal,” President Obama said in a statement. The president rightly noted: “Sergeant Bergdahl’s recovery is a reminder of America’s unwavering commitment to leave no man or woman in uniform behind on the battlefield.”
Unfortunately, America is not the only party in this war that is committed to leaving no man behind. So are the Taliban and other al Qaeda-linked groups. But the president did not say who America exchanged for Bergdahl: five of the most dangerous Taliban commanders in U.S. custody.
Elliot Rodger, Santa Barbara mass shooting suspect, “My Twisted World” manifesto
7 dead in Santa Barbara shooting rampage called ‘premeditated mass murder’
(CNN) — A gunman described as mentally disturbed and possibly bent on retribution sprayed bullets from a slow-moving car in a small Southern California college town, killing six people in a rampage called “premeditated mass murder,” Santa Barbara County sheriff’s deputies said Saturday.
The gunman also died from a gunshot wound after his car crashed Friday night, police said. It was unclear if the fatal head wound was self-inflicted or the result of a firefight with police.
Seven people also were being treated in a hospital for gunshot wounds or traumatic injuries, including at least one who was in surgery, said sheriff’s office spokeswoman Kelly Hoover.
“The sheriff’s office has obtained and is currently analyzing written and video evidence that suggests this was a premeditated mass murder,” Hoover said.
Witness: Suspect slowed car to shoot
Hoover apparently was referring to a YouTube video titled “Retribution” posted by a young man. In the nearly seven-minute video, the young man rants about women who ignored or rejected him over the past eight years and warns that he will “punish you all for it.”
Federal ‘Biosurveillance’ Plan Seeking Direct Access to Americans’ Private Medical Records
CNSNews.com) – The federal government is piecing together a sweeping national “biosurveillance” system that will give bureaucrats near real-time access to Americans’ private medical information in the name of national security, according to Twila Brase, a public health nurse and co-founder of the Citizens Council for Health Freedom.
The Department of Health and Human Services’ (HHS) Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response is currently seeking public comment on a 52-page draft of the proposed “National Health Security Strategy 2015-2018” (NHSS).
The deadline for comment is 5 pm EST on May 21st.
(See Draft National Health Security Strategy 2015-2018.pdf)